Friday, November 6, 2009

THE AMERICAS-1944

German prisoners of war marching through the streets of Gravenhurst, Ontario, on their way from the train station to the prisoner of war camp.
The Americas!
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15/01/1944The Peruvian Government announces its discovery of Axis backed conspirators plotting a coup.
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23/02/1944Total U.S. casualties so far are put at 19,499 killed, 45,545 wounded, 26,339 missing and 26,754 captured.
28/02/1944
The Arabs protest to the U.S. over Senate statements about the creation of a Jewish State in Palestine.
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07/03/1944In reply to Arab protests, the U.S. says that the idea of a Jewish state has no official sanction.
24/03/1944
President Roosevelt issues a statement condemning German and Japanese ongoing "crimes against humanity."
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11/04/1944A U.S. Delegate hands the Swiss a cheque for $1m as reparations for the accidental bombing of Schaffhausen.
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03/05/1944Meat rationing ends in the USA, except for certain selected cuts.
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06/06/1944The West Point Class of 1944, which includes John S.D. Eisenhower, son of the Allied commander in chief, graduates as the Allied landings are in progress in France. Young Eisenhower is immediately whisked to his father's headquarters in England, but his request to command a rifle platoon is turned down because of the risk that he might fall into enemy hands. Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy, who was effectively functioning as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (a position that would not be formally created until after the war), visits his hometown of Hampton, Iowa on a well-publicized "sentimental journey" to see relatives and old friends. It is part of the deception effort to convince the Germans that the invasion of Europe would not take place while such an important officer was out of Washington.
15/06/1944Roosevelt outlines his plans for the post-war United Nations.
22/06/1944President Roosevelt signs the GI Bill of Rights which promises to provide funds for housing and education after the war for returning US servicemen.
30/06/1944The United States breaks off diplomatic relations with Finland.
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11/07/1944The United States formally recognises the provisional French government of General de Gaulle in London as the de facto government of France.
17/07/1944Two ammunition-laden transport ships explode whilst docked at Port Chicago, California. 320 sailors and other military personnel are killed in what is the worst stateside disaster of the war. Most of the sailors were African-Americans, who had received no training in ammunition handling. Many of the survivors refused to load any more ships until proper safety procedures were put in place. The so-called "Port Chicago Mutiny" resulted in numerous court martials and imprisonments, but the publicity surrounding the event led directly to the end of racially segregated assignments in the Navy two years later.
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14/08/1944Roosevelt and Churchill meet at Quebec where they initial the Morgenthau Plan that calls for the division of post-war Germany and its transformation into a purely agricultural country.
21/08/1944Representatives from the U.K., U.S. and USSR meet at Dumbarton Oaks in the U.S.A, to discuss post-war international security.
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16/09/1944Conclusion of the Quebec meeting between Roosevelt and Churchill who sign off on the Morgenthau Plan for the treatment of post-war Germany.
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01/11/1944The first of 9,000 balloon bombs launched against US from Tokyo reach the U.S.A. One bomb kills six people near Lakeview in Oregon.
07/11/1944President Roosevelt is elected for a fourth term and Harry S. Truman becomes the Vice-President.
09/11/1944Total U.S. war casualties are now reported to have passed the 500,000 mark.
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14/12/1944Congress passes and President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law an act authorizing the creation of the ranks of General of the Army and Fleet Admiral, so that the highest American officers can attain a rank equivalent to that of Field Marshal. Over the next week, George C. Marshall, Douglas MacArthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower and Henry “Hap” Arnold are promoted to the rank in the Army, while William D. Leahy, Ernest J. King and Chester Nimitz are made Fleet Admirals. Subsequent to the war, William F. “Bull” Halsey will be promoted Fleet Admiral and Omar N. Bradley will become the last General of the Army.

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